100 Years in Pictures

Projects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. Church Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.1996: Old Stone ChurchPlayhouse Square, c. 1969An assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineJ. Kimball JohnsonStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 Cleveland Film SocietyCleveland OrchestraTri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 1980Leadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartmentsA new generation of Circle fansRonald B. Richard2005: ideastreamHunter Morrison1973: Severance HallBarbara Haas RawsonMalcolm L. McBrideChester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.2010: Hawken SchoolEntrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, Ohio1994: Great Lakes Science MuseumHalprin worksheetF. James and Rita Rechin FundThe Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.Katharine Holden Thayer by Cindy NaegeleCool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadyLexington Village1972: Huron Road MallSteven A. MinterTo date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.Cleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933Cleveland BalletThe Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.Anisfield-Wolf Book AwardsMort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.The foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.Protest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the riseThe Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. Belle SherwinFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).1976: Sokol HallManchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.Dancing WheelsKenneth W. Clement M.D.Tri-C groundbreaking, 19662002: Cleveland Institute of MusicThe passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956Goff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. The cast of Nicholas NicklebyA landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.Gordon Park in its heyday2006: MOCA ClevelandStanley C. PaceAn owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundryGreen City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. 2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtThe Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.SPACESCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The Nutcracker1961: Benjamin Rose InstituteMOCA ClevelandGoff in a rare moment of leisureThe original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell RoadHarry Coulby FundsThe RetreatCircle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.John L. McChordNancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchSinging AngelsJames A. NortonAretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFestTri-C JazzFest, 1993The Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.1996: Dunham Tavern Museum1982: Cleveland Institute of ArtThe bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Welcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. Fostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suitAfter their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.Ellwood H. Fisher2000: Cleveland Zoological Society1964: Garden Center of Greater ClevelandVice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.The Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.Cleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherProposed townhomes for East 118th StreetJohn J. DwyerFlotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkThe Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerThe gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University CircleDr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.Participants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Holsey Gates Handyside27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University CircleArtist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little ItalyAlfred M. Rankin Jr.TremontGreen City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.Uptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.Carl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration Slavic VillageCleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.Vietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.Global Cleveland’s welcome centerFrances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partnerDetroit ShorewayJacqueline F. WoodsFrank H. and Nancy L. Porter Fund1982: The TempleThe State TheatreGlenville High School students, 1914Karamu HouseHomer C. WadsworthClean water advocates, 1968Malvin E. BankLeyton E. CarterNew Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli SundellGeorge and Janet VoinovichMAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.The Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineFirst grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.1999: Western Reserve Historical SocietyDonald and Ruth GoodmanCleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.Architectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 19711957: Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryMOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.Ivan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.An examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicJohn SherwinDavid Goldberg1991: Hathaway Brown SchoolThe March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens 2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child DevelopmentThe issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.Commencement at Tri-C, 1975The West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.The grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 1990Charles A. RatnerDancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.Privately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central city1997: Cleveland Clinic FoundationThe reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.Mayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentUpper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.Kucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 1977Business attraction: The Global Center for Health InnovationGreat Lakes Theater FestivalContaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965James R. GarfieldHarry Goldblatt, M.D.The Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 19381986: Cain Park2007: Great Lakes Theater FestivalMichael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.Barbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.2004: The Gathering PlaceKent H. Smith2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsCleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductCarl W. BrandApollo’s FireFred S. McConnell2004: Cleveland Museum of ArtAlbert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.Sophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET clientFrederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923Members of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. BurkeInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico CityA burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. Treu-Mart FundHarold T. ClarkThe 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditoriumCleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.In 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.A new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.Ohio CityLake-Geauga FundLAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public SquareCleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyHalprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” Frances Southworth GoffHough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.A. E. Convers FundThe Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.Cleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsA greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress Edgewater Park under state stewardshipThe formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east sideA “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John MorellCleveland Institute of ArtCatharine Monroe LewisThe Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administrationEuclid Avenue, looking east, c. 1910Linking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.2002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterGraduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 2012Goff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.1956: Cleveland Institute of ArtProgressive Field at Gateway1968: Holden Arboretum1986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum2010: Case Western Reserve UniversityAddressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 19291981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater Cleveland1985: Cleveland State UniversityRichard W. PogueOhio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012The East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development CorporationCleveland Orchestra1998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic RailroadFairfaxJames A. RatnerOn his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.L. Dale Dorney Fund1959: Cleveland Institute of MusicCharles P. BoltonGroundWorks Dance TheaterThe foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.Innovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitorAndrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.Cleveland Play HouseNewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.Grand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 19371984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and PropertiesDispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingThe NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing Planning model of Cleveland, c. 19602001: Cleveland Botanical Garden2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationTom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. Cleveland Institute of MusicRobert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.The foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.Raymond Q. ArmingtonFoundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop. R. M. Fischer’s Sports StacksBusiness growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamUniversity Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.Institute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929Captain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.CommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteCleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.A satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.St. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland Avenue1968: Karamu HouseMAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquorsCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteLakeview Terrace1967: Blossom Music CenterTitle VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.The multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. On December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.1976: Cleveland Play HouseUnder the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin CollegeRaymond C. MoleyH. Stuart HarrisonCarlton K. MatsonThe Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in BratenahlCleveland Public ArtRalph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Wade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub Presbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.Neighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhoodSupport for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crashSherwick FundRock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 Cleveland Museum of ArtStokes with his brother Louis (left)Great Lakes Science CenterEvergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panelsThe Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical SocietyBarack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 2007James D. WilliamsonAlthough the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural ArtsPalace Theatre lobbyWade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music seriesThe restored Hungarian Cultural GardenAn east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregationSustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.Sold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the Circle2000: Therapeutic Riding CenterBy 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.Advocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern OhioMAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. John Sherwin Jr.