100 Years in Pictures

Jacqueline F. WoodsA “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John MorellCleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.Frances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partnerPalace Theatre lobbyFrank H. and Nancy L. Porter FundThe Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.Business attraction: The Global Center for Health InnovationMayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentJohn Sherwin Jr.The Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.Detroit ShorewayA new generation of Circle fansCircle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.Members of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. Burke1976: Cleveland Play House2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationProtest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the riseRobert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.The Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.Wade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub Malcolm L. McBrideGoff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. After their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.Catharine Monroe LewisUpper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.1991: Hathaway Brown SchoolThe foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.1986: Cain ParkCleveland OrchestraParticipants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Business growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamCleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsSustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtUnder the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.CommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteOn December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University CircleThe Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. An assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineFirst grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.Donald and Ruth GoodmanBy 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.The formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east sideThe State Theatre1994: Great Lakes Science MuseumFairfaxLexington VillageStanley C. PaceSt. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland Avenue1996: Old Stone Church1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural ArtsNeighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhoodJohn J. Dwyer1999: Western Reserve Historical Society2002: Cleveland Institute of Music1986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum2002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterAlfred M. Rankin Jr.Andrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.Dancing WheelsCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteEuclid Avenue, looking east, c. 19102001: Cleveland Botanical GardenInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico CityRalph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Playhouse Square, c. 1969Chester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.Harry Goldblatt, M.D.1968: Karamu HouseHarold T. ClarkCleveland Institute of MusicThe gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University CircleJames D. WilliamsonA burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. 1982: The TempleMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.Global Cleveland’s welcome centerCleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyUniversity Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.Support for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crashA landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.Cleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.In 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.Kucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 19772000: Therapeutic Riding CenterThe restored Hungarian Cultural Garden2010: Case Western Reserve UniversityPrivately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central cityMalvin E. BankThe Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical SocietyRock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumLakeview TerraceGrand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 19371984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and PropertiesHunter MorrisonThe Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in Bratenahl1956: Cleveland Institute of ArtJames R. GarfieldLake-Geauga FundHalprin worksheetGroundWorks Dance TheaterCleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933Evergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panelsA new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.1967: Blossom Music CenterLAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public Square2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsNew Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli SundellHough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.Manchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.Cleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The NutcrackerJohn Sherwin2010: Hawken School1982: Cleveland Institute of ArtTom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. The Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 1938Tri-C JazzFest, 1993The bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Carl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration Artist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little ItalyFrances Southworth GoffCharles P. BoltonCommencement at Tri-C, 19751985: Cleveland State UniversityStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 Dispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.Barack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 2007Singing AngelsMort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.Richard W. PogueThe original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell Road2006: MOCA ClevelandGeorge and Janet VoinovichGordon Park in its heydayCharles A. RatnerGreat Lakes Science CenterFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).The West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.The RetreatProposed townhomes for East 118th StreetMichael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.An east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregationChurch Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.Carl W. BrandVietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.The Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerHolsey Gates HandysideCleveland Play House1957: Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryThe reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.Goff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.Green City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. James A. NortonBarbara Haas RawsonCarlton K. MatsonProjects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. 2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child DevelopmentLeyton E. Carter1997: Cleveland Clinic Foundation2004: Cleveland Museum of Art1968: Holden ArboretumGraduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 2012The 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditoriumAlthough the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.Halprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” The Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.Cleveland Public ArtKenneth W. Clement M.D.Homer C. WadsworthTri-C groundbreaking, 1966Harry Coulby FundsMAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.A greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress The Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineSPACESAdvocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern OhioA. E. Convers FundProgressive Field at GatewayVice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.Barbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.Cleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.Albert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.Ivan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.1972: Huron Road MallPlanning model of Cleveland, c. 19601976: Sokol HallTremontCool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadyInstitute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929MOCA ClevelandJames A. RatnerOn his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.Tri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 19801961: Benjamin Rose Institute1998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic RailroadAnisfield-Wolf Book AwardsSherwick Fund1981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater ClevelandFirst Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingThe passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956Aretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFestCleveland Institute of ArtThe foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.The Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administration1973: Severance HallRaymond C. MoleyThe grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 1990Ohio City2005: ideastreamBelle SherwinCaptain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.Raymond Q. Armington1964: Garden Center of Greater ClevelandDancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.The issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.2000: Cleveland Zoological SocietyNewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.1996: Dunham Tavern MuseumInnovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitorMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 F. James and Rita Rechin FundWelcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. Ohio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012Architectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 1971Great Lakes Theater FestivalEdgewater Park under state stewardshipAddressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 1929An examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicFlotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkCleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.Fostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suitClean water advocates, 1968The foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.Cleveland Film SocietyThe Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.Presbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.The cast of Nicholas Nickleby2004: The Gathering PlaceDavid GoldbergKatharine Holden Thayer by Cindy NaegeleMAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. Uptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.Dr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.1959: Cleveland Institute of MusicAn owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundryLinking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.MAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquorsSold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the CircleCleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductCleveland OrchestraCleveland BalletEllwood H. FisherGoff in a rare moment of leisureThe March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens Sophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET clientLeadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartments2007: Great Lakes Theater FestivalContaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965Nancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchTitle VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.Wade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music seriesApollo’s FireL. Dale Dorney FundJ. Kimball JohnsonGreen City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin CollegeJohn L. McChordA satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.Treu-Mart FundH. Stuart HarrisonFred S. McConnellGlenville High School students, 1914MOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.The Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.Entrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, OhioSlavic VillageFrederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923The NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.The East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development CorporationCleveland Museum of ArtRonald B. RichardThe multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. Karamu HouseStokes with his brother Louis (left)To date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.Kent H. SmithSteven A. MinterR. M. Fischer’s Sports Stacks2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtFoundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop.