100 Years in Pictures

1994: Great Lakes Science Museum1998: Cuyahoga Valley Scenic Railroad1984: Cleveland Department of Parks, Recreation and PropertiesOn December 15, 1978, Cleveland City Council considered and rejected Mayor Kucinich’s 11th-hour plan to avoid default.Evergreen Energy Solution’s photovoltaic panelsIn 1967, this Cleveland Heights home, owned by an African American, was bombed in a senseless and vain attempt to halt the suburb’s integration.Dancer/choreographer Kapila Palihawadana of Sri Lanka, 2012 artist in residence with the Inlet Dance Theatre, conducts a master dance class at the Beck Center for the Performing Arts.MOCA ClevelandArchitectural drawing of the Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority's Lakeview Tower, a senior high-rise proposed for the near west side in 1971John Sherwin Jr.Detroit Shoreway2000: Cleveland Zoological SocietyGoff did not believe that philanthropy should be the exclusive province of wealthy individuals such as Standard Oil Company founder John D. Rockefeller, a client of Goff’s former law firm.H. Stuart HarrisonHough’s frustrations with its seemingly intractable problems erupted into violence during the summer of 1966.The passenger terminal at Cleveland-Hopkins Airport, c. 1956Lakeview TerracePlanning model of Cleveland, c. 1960L. Dale Dorney FundRonald B. RichardHolsey Gates HandysideCommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteThe State TheatreEntrepreneurship: Wood Trac, an affordable, drop-ceiling system developed and marketed by Sauder Woodworking, a family-owned business in Ashland, OhioHarry Goldblatt, M.D.Richard W. PogueNancy Dwyer’s Who’s on First? benchChurch Square Commons, offering affordable apartments for adults 55 and older, is one of the Famicos Foundation’s most recent projects in Hough.1956: Cleveland Institute of ArtDonald and Ruth GoodmanGlobal Cleveland’s welcome centerFoundation leaders confer about how to distribute 1947 income of $614,479 to a standing list of charitable institutions and agencies. Foundation director Leyton E. Carter (third from right) is seated next to the board’s sole female member, Constance Mather Bishop. Michael D. White won voter support for “mayoral control” of the Cleveland public schools.Tom L. Johnson, a reformer who served as Cleveland’s mayor from 1901 to 1909, helped to shape the city’s progressive climate. Ellwood H. FisherMOCA Cleveland’s faceted, mirrored, four-story art gallery anchors the Uptown development.James D. WilliamsonCarlton K. MatsonFlotsam despoiling the beach at Gordon ParkProtest demonstration at Cleveland State University, 1969: poverty rates in the central city on the rise1986: Cain ParkJames A. Norton1957: Cleveland Museum of Natural HistoryOhio governor John Kasich at the signing of House Bill 525, legislation enabling education reform, in June 2012Malvin E. BankThe March on Washington, August 28, 1963, at which Martin Luther King Jr. called upon the nation to make good on democracy’s promise of social and economic freedom for all citizens MAGNET incubator tenant Tom Lix, the founder and CEO of Cleveland Whiskey, which has developed a proprietary process for accelerating the aging of distilled liquorsAddressing the changing socioeconomic needs of the African-American community: 20th anniversary convening of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, hosted by Cleveland in 1929Raymond Q. ArmingtonCircle institutions have invested or are planning to invest billions in capital improvements, such as University Hospitals of Cleveland’s new Seidman Cancer Center.Barbara Haas RawsonFamed urban planner Lawrence Halprin (right) presented his ideas for downtown Cleveland’s redevelopment at a public forum in 1975 attended by Cleveland mayor Ralph J. Perk (center) and May Company department store president Francis Coy (left).The Peter B. Lewis Building, designed by Frank Gehry, is the home of Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.2004: Cleveland Museum of ArtThe issues facing 21st-century Clevelanders—educational and economic opportunity, neighborhood and cultural vitality, and strong health and human services—are much the same as those with which earlier generations wrestled.By 1929, when Cleveland laid claim to having the tallest skyscraper in the country—the Terminal Tower, evocatively captured here by famed photographer Margaret Bourke-White—the community foundation movement had spread across America.1972: Huron Road MallStokes and his wife, Shirley, on election day, 1968 Cleveland mayor Ralph S. LocherCleveland OrchestraThe Allen Theatre, originally an opulent silent movie house, c. 19382010: Hawken SchoolCleveland City Hospital’s “iron lung” respirator, used for treating polio patients whose paralyzed muscles cause breathing difficulties, 1933Stanley C. PaceApollo’s FireThe Frederick C. Crawford Auto Aviation Collection at the Western Reserve Historical Society2006: MOCA ClevelandThe Cleveland Trust Company’s neoclassical banking hall, which opened in 1908, was topped by an immense stained-glass dome.Playhouse Square, c. 1969An owner-employee of the Evergreen LaundryMAGNET incubator graduate, DXY Solutions, makes components and software for mobile devices.1976: Sokol Hall1999: Western Reserve Historical SocietyHalprin’s impressionist sketch of Cleveland’s “Flats,” which he praised as a “tremendous resource.” Alfred M. Rankin Jr.Cleveland schools CEO Eric Gordon and Cleveland mayor Frank Jackson stumping in 2012 for the passage of the first operating levy to be placed on the ballet in 16 yearsCarl W. BrandFrederick Harris Goff, humanitarian, 1858‒1923Barbecue restaurant owner Al (Bubba) Baker received a microloan that enabled the former Browns football player to begin local distribution of his proprietary de-boned baby-back ribs.Goff in a rare moment of leisureThe foundation’s vision of creating a wind farm in Lake Erie is moving closer to reality.GroundWorks Dance TheaterFrances Southworth, Goff’s bride and intellectual partnerHomer C. WadsworthProjects receiving recent Neighborhood Connection grants have ranged from hands-on crafts classes to the reintroduction of beekeeping. Tri-C’s early use of computers as a teaching aid, c. 1980James R. Garfield2001: Cleveland Botanical GardenThe Goff home on Lake Shore Boulevard in Bratenahl1982: Cleveland Institute of Art1967: Blossom Music CenterThe Palace, the flagship of the Keith chain of vaudeville theaters, reinvented itself as a wide-screen movie house in the 1950s.Charles A. RatnerCleveland’s busy riverfront, south of the Superior ViaductA burning desire to be an attorney animated Goff as a young man. Edgewater Park under state stewardshipThe Ohio Department of Natural Resources invested more than $40 million in capital improvements to the band of green spaces renamed the Cleveland Lakefront State Park. 2002: Cleveland Institute of MusicDr. King speaking in Rockefeller Park on a visit to Cleveland in 1967. The previous year he had dramatized the issue of housing discrimination by moving his family into a grimy apartment on the segregated west side of Chicago and joining in protest marches into that city’s all-white neighborhoods.27 Coltman, a luxury townhome development on the eastern boundary of University CircleF. James and Rita Rechin Fund1981: Convention and Visitors Bureau of Greater Cleveland1997: Cleveland Clinic FoundationLinking city kids to life-enriching programs: Duffy Liturgical Dance teaches children to perform and thus preserve songs and dances created by African slaves in America.1986: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumThe cast of Nicholas NicklebyCarl B. Stokes at a town hall meeting, 1969: an historic but troubled mayoral administration A new company that makes and installs solar-panel arrays has been created with foundation support.Privately developed Beacon Place Townhomes on East 82nd Street—evidence of the return of middle-class Clevelanders to the central city2005: ideastreamLake-Geauga FundRock and Roll Hall of Fame and MuseumSupport for humanitarian aid to the unemployed: Stone carvers responsible for the iconic pylons of the Lorain-Carnegie Bridge, a rare Depression-era construction project completed in 1932 with bond funds approved before the stock market crashAn assembly line at the Ford Motor Company plant in Brook Park, 1973: manufacturing jobs on the declineA “City Canvases” mural by graphic designer John MorellCleveland Housing Network was the lead developer of Greenbridge Commons, permanent housing for chronically homeless individuals, in the Fairfax neighborhood.Cleveland BalletInstitute of Pathology at Western Reserve University, as it appeared at its opening in 1929Fostering economic opportunity via college scholarships: Garment workers at Joseph & Feiss Company, makers of the $15 blue serge suitThe 2011 renovation of the Allen Theatre's main auditorium1996: Old Stone ChurchGreat Lakes Science CenterHalprin worksheetMAGNET’s Prism program helped Cleveland-based Vitamix keep up with demand for its high-end blenders.CommunityFoundationAtlas.org websiteBusiness attraction: The Global Center for Health InnovationCleveland Public ArtSlavic VillageThe Cleveland Foodbank’s LEED-certified distribution centerFirst grants to advance serious medical research in an era still plagued with quackery: The Cunningham Sanitarium, located at East 185th Street and Lake Shore Boulevard, c. 1928. The sanitarium offered patients access to the world’s largest hyperbaric chamber, but its claims for the benefits of oxygen therapy proved specious.Uptown, the Circle’s exciting, new high-density neighborhood, has all the amenities associated with urban living.Goff wisely decided that an independent citizen’s committee should determine how a community foundation’s income should be distributed, rather than the directors of the foundation’s trustee bank. Gordon Park in its heydayCool Cleveland editor and publisher Tom MulreadyLeyton E. CarterStokes with his brother Louis (left)Ivan Lecaros (right), a master printmaker from Chile, puts the final touches on a drawing for a silkscreen print during his 2012 residency at Zygote Press.LAND Studio’s proposed redesign of Public SquareLeadership of a 1933 initiative to replace squalid tenements with subsidized garden apartmentsThe RetreatLexington VillageCleveland Film Society2009: Cleveland Institute of ArtDancing Wheels1964: Garden Center of Greater ClevelandThe West 25th Street retail district in Ohio City exemplifies the objective recently adopted by Neighborhood Progress, Inc. of restoring market forces in target neighborhoods.Harold T. ClarkProgressive Field at GatewayCleveland Ballet co-founder Dennis Nahat as the tsar and Nanette Glushak as the tsarina in the company’s signature holiday performance of The NutcrackerA. E. Convers Fund1975: Kenneth C. Beck Center for the Cultural ArtsThe original Free Clinic, a drug treatment center on Cornell Road2010: Case Western Reserve UniversityGeorge and Janet Voinovich2004: The Gathering PlaceCleveland, Ohio, the birthplace of an entirely new concept of philanthropyCleveland Institute of MusicCleveland Museum of ArtInauguration ceremony of the 1975 World Conference of the International Women’s Year, Mexico CitySophisticated life support equipment in an air ambulance made by Nextant Aerospace, Ohio’s only aircraft manufacturer and a MAGNET clientR. M. Fischer’s Sports StacksSinging AngelsContaminants flowing into Lake Erie, 1965Hunter MorrisonNeighbors who have come together to work on improvement of their neighborhood2003: Hanna Perkins Center for Child DevelopmentKent H. SmithKatharine Holden Thayer by Cindy NaegeleAdvocating greater reliance on clean energy: a wind farm in northwestern Ohio2006: Cleveland Clinic FoundationCleveland voters expressed their hopes for the success of the reform plan by approving the Issue 107 operating levy.1991: Hathaway Brown SchoolThe Great Lakes Science Center’s wind turbineMembers of the African-American Philanthropy Committee: Reverend Elmo A. Bean, Doris A. Evans, M.D., David G. Hill, Lillian W. BurkeGreat Lakes Theater Festival1996: Dunham Tavern MuseumThe bulldozer operator accidentally backed over Rev. Klunder in order to avoid hurting the protestors lying in front of him.Cleveland OrchestraUniversity Circle’s cultural institutions have long been renowned for their enriching educational activities.Mayor Dennis Kucinich’s ceremonial presentation of a post-default debt paymentAlbert Sabin (left) developed the oral vaccine given to Cleveland children.Fred S. McConnellNew Gallery co-founders Marjorie Talalay (left) and Nina Castelli SundellBusiness growth: The Greater Cleveland Partnership’s business development teamInnovation: CleveMed’s wireless sleep monitorWelcome committees were organized to greet bused students on their first day at their new crosstown schools. The NAACP-Cleveland’s fight for desegregation ultimately leads in 1973 to a federal lawsuit against the Cleveland public schools: the likelihood of court-ordering busing Mort Epstein’s Pop Art-inspired electrical outlet, a CAAC-commissioned mural, graced the Union building on Euclid Avenue.A new generation of Circle fansBelle SherwinSold out! Heritage Lane townhomes, built within walking distance of the CircleVietnamese lutist Pham Thi Hue was Young Audiences of Northeast Ohio’s artist in residence in 2013.The formal entrance to the Judson Park retirement community, an independent living facility erected in 1974 next to the traditional nursing home established by the Baptist Home of Ohio in the former Bicknell mansion on Cleveland’s east side1973: Severance HallMAGNET consultants helped Nextant Aerospace of Richmond Heights, Ohio, apply lean principles to its specialty business of remanufacturing corporate jets for an under-$5 million market. The Cleveland Housing Network assisted the Mt. Pleasant Now nonprofit development corporation with the construction of the Union Court senior apartments.A landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision righted the injustice experienced by Clarence Earl Gideon, a drifter who was convicted of felony theft because he could not afford an attorney and had defended himself at trial.Title VIII (the “Federal Fair Housing Act”) of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, signed by President Johnson a week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., advanced the struggle for integration taking place in Cleveland’s eastern suburbs and elsewhere across the nation.Robert E. Eckardt, Ph.D.Captain Frank’s seafood restaurant at the end of the Ninth Street Pier once commanded downtown’s best view of Lake Erie.The reversal of downtown Cleveland’s stagnation, symbolized by the redevelopment of the Terminal Tower, is a 60-year-old work in progress in which the foundation has been steadily engaged.SPACESTri-C groundbreaking, 1966Tri-C JazzFest, 1993Cleveland Play HouseManchester Bidwell, the Pittsburgh model on which NewBridge is based, has instilled a love of learning in teens who previously did not fare well in school.A satellite photograph of Lake Erie, downtown Cleveland and the Cuyahoga River valley: The foundation has learned to take the long view in helping the community craft fresh responses to persistent urban problems.2013: Friends of the Cleveland School of the ArtsSherwick FundWade Oval Wednesdays, summertime’s popular outdoor music series1976: Cleveland Play House1982: The TempleCommencement at Tri-C, 1975Kucinich proclaiming victory on the eve of his election as mayor in 19772007: Great Lakes Theater FestivalOn his way to building Cleveland Trust into America’s sixth largest bank, Goff occasionally took time out to indulge his passion for fishing.1968: Holden ArboretumThe foundation helped to draft and win passage of a clean energy law for Ohio.Karamu HouseEuclid Avenue, looking east, c. 1910Chester Avenue demarks the northern border of the MidTown Corridor.Frank H. and Nancy L. Porter FundJames A. RatnerThe Dolan Center for Science and Technology at John Carroll University incorporated green building materials and smart energy and water systems.Palace Theatre lobbyClean water advocates, 1968Steven A. MinterTo date, 100 percent of the student body at the School of Science and Medicine goes on to college.John Sherwin2000: Therapeutic Riding CenterGraduation day at Cleveland Early College High School, 2012The grand opening of The Avenue at Tower City, 1990John J. DwyerArtist’s conception of the new Regional Transit Authority station planned for Mayfield Road in Little ItalyBarack Obama campaigns at Tri-C, 2007Kenneth W. Clement M.D.NewBridge prepares adults for careers as health care technicians.1985: Cleveland State UniversityRaymond C. MoleyParticipants in Parade the Circle, an annual celebration of creativity Malcolm L. McBrideCleveland Institute of ArtFrances Southworth GoffUpper Chester, which abuts the Cleveland Clinic, is the next Circle neighborhood slated for redevelopment.Wade Lagoon, the tranquil heart of Cleveland’s cultural hub Sustaining the excellence of the region’s cultural assets: a summer solstice party at the Cleveland Museum of ArtDispersed by police, the protesters did not succeed in halting construction, but Klunder’s martyrdom inspired the civil rights community to continue what was ultimately a victorious fight against segregation of the Cleveland public schools.Reinhold W. Erickson, D.D.S.St. Joseph's Orphanage for Girls on Woodland AvenueJ. Kimball JohnsonCharles P. BoltonAn examination room at the Glenville Health ClinicJacqueline F. WoodsProposed townhomes for East 118th StreetThe Cleveland Foundation emerged from the crucible of the 1960s a stronger leader and more strategic grantmaker.TremontJohn L. McChordA greasy-spoon diner and flophouse at Payne and Walnut Avenues downtown, c. 1968—emblems of the City of Cleveland’s intensifying financial distress Grand opening of the Outhwaite Homes, 1937David GoldbergAn east-side Cleveland elementary school, 1963: growing frustration with what appears to be systematic segregationMaster planner I. M. Pei (right), Cleveland’s urban renewal director James Lister (center) and chief architect Jack Hayes at the Erieview Tower construction site, 1954 Although the foundation’s trailblazing was a faded tradition by 1955, when this picture of the trustee bank presidents holding a replica of the foundation’s logo was snapped, its stature as the world’s first community trust remained a source of pride.Ohio CityThe foundation’s 1915 public education survey resulted in sweeping reform. For decades thereafter, Cleveland’s school system was regarded as a model of excellence.Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin CollegeGlenville High School students, 1914The gallery's second home on Bellflower Road in University Circle1968: Karamu HouseRalph J. Perk lends a hand to the theater restoration project, which began during his tenure as Cleveland mayor. Green City Growers Cooperative’s 3.25-acre hydroponic greenhouse in the Central neighborhood opened in 2013. Fairfax2002: Shaker Lakes Regional Nature CenterCleveland’s well-financed and -run network of community development organizations targeted this crumbling but historic eight-unit rowhouse in the Central neighborhood for rehabilitation.1961: Benjamin Rose InstituteAndrew Carnegie, the “king of steel,” created a private foundation to carry out his philanthropic activities. Goff invented a simpler, more affordable mechanism to serve the charitable impulses of caring individuals of all means.After their father's untimely death, future political icons Carl (left) and Louis Stokes lived with their mother at Outhwaite Homes.Treu-Mart FundCatharine Monroe LewisGreen City Growers supplies Bibb lettuce, green leaf lettuce, gourmet lettuces and basil to institutional and commercial customers.First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (third from left) at the 1937 dedication of Lakeview Terrace, the nation’s first public housingVice President Hubert H. Humphrey showed his support for Stokes’s Cleveland: NOW! initiative on a visit to the city in 1968.The restored Hungarian Cultural GardenThe multitude of organizational nameplates on the door to the Cleveland Foundation’s offices in the 1970s testified to its rebirth as a nexus of progressive philanthropy and an incubator of social-action programs. Cleveland Housing Network financing programs have helped low- to moderate-income families become homeowners.Anisfield-Wolf Book AwardsHarry Coulby FundsPresbyterian minister Bruce W. Klunder died while protesting the construction of three public elementary schools that Cleveland’s civil rights community believed would perpetuate a system of segregated and inferior education for African-American students.1959: Cleveland Institute of MusicThe Board of Education building in downtown Cleveland, longtime headquarters of the system’s central administrationAretha Franklin at the Tri-C JazzFestThe East Central Townhomes, after a $1.2 million renovation by Burten, Bell and Carr Development CorporationUnder the leadership of former CEO Baiju Shah, BioEnterprise created, recruited or helped to grow more than 170 local biotechnology companies.